Grassy Weeds
Wild Garlic
Cool-season perennial with slender, hollow cylindrical
leaves. Leaves occur on the flowering stem up to half the
height of the plant. Underground bulb bears offset
bulblets that are flattened on one side and enclosed by a
membrane. Flowers, greenish-white, small, on short stems
above aerial bulbils. Plant with distinctive garlic odor
when crushed. Reproduces by seed, aerial bulbils and
underground bulblets. Found throughout most of eastern
and southern United States, west to Missouri and
Arkansas.
Cool-season perennial with slender, hollow cylindrical
leaves. Leaves occur on the flowering stem up to half the
height of the plant. Underground bulb bears offset
bulblets that are flattened on one side and enclosed by a
membrane. Flowers, greenish-white, small, on short stems
above aerial bulbils. Plant with distinctive garlic odor
when crushed. Reproduces by seed, aerial bulbils and
underground bulblets. Found throughout most of eastern
and southern United States, west to Missouri and
Arkansas.
Johnson Grass
Coarse perennial from long, thick, scaly, sharp pointed
rhizomes. Stems erect, forming dense stands to 6 feet (2
m) tall. Leaf blade with prominent white midvein and
hairs at base of upper surface. Prominent membranous
ligule at base of leaf blade. Large, open seedhead often
purple in color. Seeds hairy. Does not persist under close
frequent mowing. Reproduces by seed and rhizomes.
Found from Massachusetts to Iowa, south into Florida,
and west into Texas, Arizona and California.
Coarse perennial from long, thick, scaly, sharp pointed
rhizomes. Stems erect, forming dense stands to 6 feet (2
m) tall. Leaf blade with prominent white midvein and
hairs at base of upper surface. Prominent membranous
ligule at base of leaf blade. Large, open seedhead often
purple in color. Seeds hairy. Does not persist under close
frequent mowing. Reproduces by seed and rhizomes.
Found from Massachusetts to Iowa, south into Florida,
and west into Texas, Arizona and California.
Annual Blue Grass
Small tufted to clumped winter annual. Leaf blade,
smooth on both surfaces, with two distinct, clear lines,
one on each side of the midrib. Lead tip kneeled or
boat-shaped. Ligule membranous. Light green to whitish
spikelets that lack cottony hairs, are arranged on
branches, one to two per node, in dense to open flower
clusters. Reproduces by seed. Found throughout the
world.
Small tufted to clumped winter annual. Leaf blade,
smooth on both surfaces, with two distinct, clear lines,
one on each side of the midrib. Lead tip kneeled or
boat-shaped. Ligule membranous. Light green to whitish
spikelets that lack cottony hairs, are arranged on
branches, one to two per node, in dense to open flower
clusters. Reproduces by seed. Found throughout the
world.
Bahiagrass
Aggressive, mat-forming, warm season perennial with
shallow, often-exposed rhizomes. Leaves, primarily basal,
somewhat folded, smooth on both surfaces or often hairy
only at the collar. Ligule short, membranous. Seedheads
with usually two or occasionally three branches.
Seedhead branches usually paired. Spikelets in two rows
on lower sides. Reproduces by seed and rhizomes.
Common primarily in the Gulf states, north to North
Carolina and west to Texas.
Aggressive, mat-forming, warm season perennial with
shallow, often-exposed rhizomes. Leaves, primarily basal,
somewhat folded, smooth on both surfaces or often hairy
only at the collar. Ligule short, membranous. Seedheads
with usually two or occasionally three branches.
Seedhead branches usually paired. Spikelets in two rows
on lower sides. Reproduces by seed and rhizomes.
Common primarily in the Gulf states, north to North
Carolina and west to Texas.
Dallis Grass
Clumped perennial from short thick rhizomes. Leaf sheath
at base of plant sometimes rough hairy. Leaf blade,
smooth on both surfaces, with a few long hairs at leaf
base and behind ligule at base of leaf blade. Ligule tall,
membranous, either sharply or bluntly tipped. Spikelets
arranged in four rows on three to seven alternate
branches Reproduces by seed and very short rhizomes.
Common throughout the southern states, north to
Virginia, West to Arizona, California, the Pacific
Northwest and Hawaii.
Clumped perennial from short thick rhizomes. Leaf sheath
at base of plant sometimes rough hairy. Leaf blade,
smooth on both surfaces, with a few long hairs at leaf
base and behind ligule at base of leaf blade. Ligule tall,
membranous, either sharply or bluntly tipped. Spikelets
arranged in four rows on three to seven alternate
branches Reproduces by seed and very short rhizomes.
Common throughout the southern states, north to
Virginia, West to Arizona, California, the Pacific
Northwest and Hawaii.
Carpet Grass
Mat-forming perennial from somewhat flattened, smooth
stolons. Leaf blade, smooth on both surfaces, tip rounded;
a few long hairs present on leaf sheath margin and at base
of blade margin. Seedhead resembles crabgrass spp., with
two to five ascending spikes. Uppermost branches usually
paired. Reproduces by seed and stolons. Most common on
low, moist sites. Often seeded as a companion grass to
centipede grass. Common in the Coastal Plain of the Gulf
states, north to North Carolina, and west to Arkansas and
Oklahoma.
Mat-forming perennial from somewhat flattened, smooth
stolons. Leaf blade, smooth on both surfaces, tip rounded;
a few long hairs present on leaf sheath margin and at base
of blade margin. Seedhead resembles crabgrass spp., with
two to five ascending spikes. Uppermost branches usually
paired. Reproduces by seed and stolons. Most common on
low, moist sites. Often seeded as a companion grass to
centipede grass. Common in the Coastal Plain of the Gulf
states, north to North Carolina, and west to Arkansas and
Oklahoma.
Goose Grass
Tough, clumped summer annual, generally with a
"whitish to silverfish" coloration at the center of the plant.
Leaf blade smooth on both surfaces, occasionally a few
hairs near the base. Visible, short-toothed, membranous
ligule at base of leaf blade. Spikelets in two rows on two
thirteen fingers. Frequently a single finger below the
terminal cluster of fingers. Reproduces by seed. Found
throughout the temperate and warm parts of the United
States.
Tough, clumped summer annual, generally with a
"whitish to silverfish" coloration at the center of the plant.
Leaf blade smooth on both surfaces, occasionally a few
hairs near the base. Visible, short-toothed, membranous
ligule at base of leaf blade. Spikelets in two rows on two
thirteen fingers. Frequently a single finger below the
terminal cluster of fingers. Reproduces by seed. Found
throughout the temperate and warm parts of the United
States.
Crab Grass
Tufted or prostrate to spreading summer annual with
branched stems that root at the nodes. Leaf blade, longer
than 2 inches (5 cm), usually hairy on both surfaces, visible
toothed membranous ligule at base of leaf. Leaf sheath
with dense hairs. Spikelets in two to nine finger-like
branches. Southern crabgrass is distinguished from large
crabgrass on the basis of the length of the second glume (a
bract at the base of a spikelet). These species differ from
tropical crabgrass in that the seedhead branches arise
from different points of attachments along the stalk. Both
species reproduce by seed. Southern crabgrass occurs
northward on the coastal plain occasionally to
Connecticut, more common southward east of the
Appalachian region, through Florida, extending west into
Texas and north into Kansas and Nebraska. Also occurs in
the West Indies, Mexico, Central America and South
America. Large Crabgrass is found throughout North
America, except Florida.
Tufted or prostrate to spreading summer annual with
branched stems that root at the nodes. Leaf blade, longer
than 2 inches (5 cm), usually hairy on both surfaces, visible
toothed membranous ligule at base of leaf. Leaf sheath
with dense hairs. Spikelets in two to nine finger-like
branches. Southern crabgrass is distinguished from large
crabgrass on the basis of the length of the second glume (a
bract at the base of a spikelet). These species differ from
tropical crabgrass in that the seedhead branches arise
from different points of attachments along the stalk. Both
species reproduce by seed. Southern crabgrass occurs
northward on the coastal plain occasionally to
Connecticut, more common southward east of the
Appalachian region, through Florida, extending west into
Texas and north into Kansas and Nebraska. Also occurs in
the West Indies, Mexico, Central America and South
America. Large Crabgrass is found throughout North
America, except Florida.
Niblewill
Delicate perennial with a reclining growth habit. Leaves
very narrow, short, and hairless. Leaf collars hairy.
Ligule a short jagged membrane. Sheaths smooth. Panicle
narrow, with ascending branches. Reproduces by seed.
Thrives in moist, shady sites. Often confused with
bermudagrass. Found in the northeast, southeast and
midwest United States.
Delicate perennial with a reclining growth habit. Leaves
very narrow, short, and hairless. Leaf collars hairy.
Ligule a short jagged membrane. Sheaths smooth. Panicle
narrow, with ascending branches. Reproduces by seed.
Thrives in moist, shady sites. Often confused with
bermudagrass. Found in the northeast, southeast and
midwest United States.
Sedge
Annual. Seedhead with a few long leaves at the top of a
bare stem. Clusters of flat spikes on short to long stalks.
Spikes greenish, sometimes shining, up to 1 inch (2.5 cm)
long. Reproduces by seed. Found in sandy, moist,
disturbed areas. Occurs from Minnesota, Ohio, and New
York south through Florida and West into Texas.
Annual. Seedhead with a few long leaves at the top of a
bare stem. Clusters of flat spikes on short to long stalks.
Spikes greenish, sometimes shining, up to 1 inch (2.5 cm)
long. Reproduces by seed. Found in sandy, moist,
disturbed areas. Occurs from Minnesota, Ohio, and New
York south through Florida and West into Texas.
| Evergreen Turf Management, Inc. Serving Your Area Since 1998 770-464-1649 Send mail to: mygreenturf@yahoo.com with questions or comments about this web site. |
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EverGreen Turf (770) 464-1649
Management, Inc. "Serving the greater Atlanta area since 1998"
Management, Inc. "Serving the greater Atlanta area since 1998"